![]() Hence, Likert scales are often called summative scales. Respondents may avoid using extreme response categories (central tendency bias) agree with statements as presented (acquiescence response bias) or try to portray themselves or their group in a more favorable light (social desirability bias).Īfter the questionnaire is completed, each item may be analyzed separately or item responses may be summed to create a score for a group of items. Likert scales may be subject to distortion from several causes. Sometimes Likert scales are used in a forced choice method where the middle option of “Neither agree nor disagree” is not available. Likert scaling is a bipolar scaling method, measuring either positive and negative response to a statement. Traditionally a five-point scale is used, however many psychometricians advocate using a seven or nine point scale. Sample Question Presented Using A Five-Point Likert ScaleĪ typical test item in a Likert scale is a statement, the respondent is asked to indicate their degree of agreement with the statement. The scale is named after Rensis Likert, who published a report describing its use (Likert, 1932). ![]() When responding to a Likert questionnaire item, respondents specify their level of agreement to a statement. ![]() Likert scale: A Likert scale (pronounced ‘lick-ert’) is a type of psychometric response scale often used in questionnaires, and is the most widely used scale in survey research. ![]()
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